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Glossary For "P"

Paper Trail
Records of the movement of resources (human, financial, and material), kept to enable such movement to be traced and resources to be accounted for.

Performance Appraisal
An established procedure for evaluating employee performance, conducted at pre-determined intervals, usually annually or semi-annually.

Performance Indicator
A measure that signifies the extent to which a program is meeting its long-term family planning objectives.

Performance Information
Information that is needed to plan program objectives and to evaluate the impact of a program's activities on the target population.

Performance Objectives
The end results that are expected to be achieved by an organization or an individual employee. Performance objectives determine the type and scope of activities that an organization or staff member will undertake for the purpose of achieving the desired results.

Periodic Review System (also known as Fixed Order Interval System)
A system of inventory control and resupply where stock levels are reviewed at predetermined time intervals and orders are placed based on current stock levels, safety stock level, and an established maximum. Through this method, the reorder is made on a scheduled basis, however, the quantity of the order may vary each time.

Personnel Manual
A document that details the personnel policies and administrative procedures of an organization, including a description of the organizational structure and duties of key staff positions.

Petty Cash
A form of imprest fund, whereby a fixed cash flow is set aside for small immediate cash outlays and is replenished periodically as it is used.

Phased Training
Training conducted in stages, alternating with periods of on-the-job work experience.

Physical Inventory
A count of all the contraceptives in stock to verify that the amount that is actually on the shelves is the same as the quantity listed in the stock-keeping records.

Planning
A continuing process of analyzing program data, making decisions, and formulating plans for action in the future, aimed at achieving program goals.

Pooling
Combining resources, expertise, equipment, etc. for use toward a common purpose. This helps to save scarce resources and reduces the possibility of duplication of or gaps in services.

Population-Based Forecasts
Forecasts of contraceptive supply requirements based on the proportion of the target population that the program intends to serve and the anticipated level of demand for each contraceptive method.

Post-tests
Given to clients, employees, trainees, or any other specific group of people who are being evaluated after a program has been completed or during the implementation, for the purpose of measuring the progress toward planned objectives.

Potential User (also known as Potential Acceptor)
For women, a potential acceptor is any woman of reproductive age who is at risk of pregnancy, not currently using contraception, and not intending to become pregnant at this time. For men, a potential acceptor is any sexually active man not currently using contraception.

Pre-tests
Given to clients, employees, trainees, or any other specific group who are being evaluated, for the purpose of determining a baseline against which future results will be measured.

Process Indicator
A measure showing the activities that will be completed to achieve a specific objective, over a specific period of time.

Program Components
Functional units of an organization that provide services aimed at accomplishing organizational goals, such as a CBD component, a clinic component, or an IEC component.

Pull System
A supply system which requires that outlets request the amounts of commodities they need from higher-level storage facilities.

Push System
A supply system which allocates supplies down through the intermediate or central warehouses to the outlet level; outlets receive contraceptives without ordering them.

PVO
A Private Voluntary Organization which is usually an international organization.


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